... military and economic—when taken together, seem to suggest that the goal and objective of the West is to initiate the endgame of the Long Cold War and to win it, imposing a zero-sum outcome. What was thought to be its end with the collapse of the USSR and unilateral retrenchment of Russia, did not amount to the sustainable victory that the West thought it would be. It now appears that a final gamble on the military advantage of the West has inspired a drive that goes beyond ‘containment’ to ...
In the past few years the government has increasingly emphasized the need to develop human capital. This area of economic transformation is viewed as one of the most promising ways to accelerate innovation processes and increase labor productivity. In the meantime, the development of human capital can enhance not only the rate of Russia’s domestic economic progress but also the efficiency of its foreign economic policy, including its “soft power” strategy.
In the past few years the government...
This year is filled with anniversaries of events that happened in 1989. Back then Europe and the entire world witnessed a change of the sociopolitical paradigm, which soon led to the disintegration of the Soviet Union and the end of the previous system of international relations.
This year is filled with anniversaries of events that happened in 1989. Back then Europe and the entire world witnessed a change of the sociopolitical paradigm, which soon led to the disintegration of the Soviet Union...
One of the distinctive features of the modern Western political narrative with regard to NATO is an almost total misunderstanding of how the alliance is perceived in Russia. First and foremost, the Western political establishment seems blithely unaware of the fact that the issue of NATO is the main stumbling block in Russian-Western relations, and that any detente is impossible while that obstacle remains unresolved.
This is the first of a two-part commentary on a Russian perspective of NATO, and...
... process. The unprecedented horrors of that war reignited the hopes for a lasting peace and disarmament that had first been voiced by Wilson. Unfortunately, those hopes proved futile: the international community split into two opposing camps, led by the USSR and the United States, respectively. And nuclear weapons, which remain the most destructive weapons in the history of humankind, were created and first used. The Cold War ensued, accompanied by an unprecedented nuclear and conventional arms race....
... Spring undermined the authority of the Soviet Union and its leadership position among the left. In Asia, the Soviet Union ran into a major opponent in the person of Communist China. Mao came up with an alternative interpretation of Marxism, accused the USSR of imperialism and demonstrated a determination to use force. In 1969, the Soviet army defeated Chinese troops on Damansky Island. However, China exposed the ideological unity of the international left on the world arena as ephemeral, and this was ...
November 7, 2017 marks the centenary of the October Revolution. The 1917 events had a serious impact not only on Russia's internal situation, but also on international relations — the confrontation between the newly-formed Soviet Union and the countries of the capitalist world was clearly apparent. Along with the end of the World War I and the Versailles Treaty of Peace this process also changed the geopolitical and geographical map of the world.
Scientific Director of RAS Institute of World History...
... From the time when Pakistan emerged as a nation-state, the Army has played a magnificent role in convening the foreign policy objective of the country. Its function revitalized since the cold war between America and the former Soviet Union began and USSR occupied Afghanistan. Pakistan became the number one strategic ally of America in South Asia.The Pentagon heavily invested on the Pak army pumped billion of dollars; provided the army with the lasted military technology and equipment. Moreover,...
... cost of abandoning material benefits that could come in exchange for a more pragmatic policy towards the former hegemon of the region. It has been considered to be naive to recognize in the general assessment of the reasons behind the collapse of the USSR that the main reason was the crisis of legitimisation of the system, ie the moral and ideological factor; on the contrary, the brutal diagnosis of Zbigniew Brzezinski has been accepted, and it was proving that Russia is simply a defeated country ...
... whose behavior ranged from accommodating ethnic Georgian nationalism to addressing concerns of minorities in Georgia as a way to check Georgian nationalism when it became too anti-Russian/anti-Soviet (something which continued after the fall of the USSR up through today).
Much of American history, likewise, is the story of race relations between white masters and black slaves in the South and the relationship between the rest of the country and the South when it came to limiting the institution ...
