... can secure sufficient funding. Furthermore, the countries agreed to pool their resources to build large-scale transport and communications infrastructure, facilitate trade and the free movement of goods and people, and invest in various sectors of the economy. One example that demonstrates the feasibility of these plans is Niger’s
agreement
to sell 150 million liters of diesel to Mali at almost half the going rate, supporting a nation plagued by enduring electricity shortages.
The three leaders ...
In the 21st century, the whole idea of junior and senior partners looks outdated and even archaic. True international partnerships are based on mutual respect, empathy and a carefully calibrated balance of interests
When the current dynamics of Russia-China relations is discussed, the conversation often boils down to the concept of a "senior-junior partnership." A popular view—especially in the West—is that with more cooperation between the two nations, Russia is gradually, but inevitably...
... common with American values. The rise of the PRC is a problem and a challenge for the United States. China's overseas projects, such as the Belt and Road project, are a means of economic expansion for the Celestial Empire that must be contained. China's economy itself is unfair because it ignores market values and develops at the expense of others, including the United States. China's technological growth is also a problem for the United States because it is used for military and political purposes, ...
... Cooperation. In his speech, he reiterated the hope that the NDB and the BRICS Business Council would soon be able to engage with relevant institutions in Turkey, and cooperation in energy would commence.
Much has changed since then both in the world economy and in the global standing of BRICS. The only thing that has remained unchanged is the challenges Turkey faces. In 2024, Ankara is taking a second shot at joining the group—seemingly more successful than the previous one. In addition to Russia,...
... president’s speech to the policy of sanctions and the reliability of deposits in the debt obligations of Western states suggests that the key aspect of the economic dimension of Eurasian security architecture may be precisely the question of using the economy as a weapon; to protect against its use for political purposes. Let’s try to identify the possible components of the Eurasian architecture from the point of view of economic security.
Profit does not equal security
Ivan Timofeev:
Eurasian Security ...
In geopolitics, the actors of international relations are classified as sea power and land power according to their main power trajectory during military operations. Land power operates its army in terrestrial areas more successfully while sea power projects its forces along the maritime routes more operatively. For example, Russia and China are categorized as land powers and the US, the UK, and Japan are in the basket of sea powers. The other geopolitical domains of air, cyberspace, and open space...
... development and social peace are essential for achieving Chinese modernization. The session focused on domestic matters with the stated goal of completing the current stage of socialist modernization by 2035, building a high-standard socialist market economy and modernizing the country's system and capacity for governance.
China, as the second largest economy, has played a significant role in the world economic development. Therefore, decisions made in Beijing directly or indirectly affect all of ...
... the UN platform.
Looking at Cambodia and BRICS, will Cambodia join this association and how do you, your elites and citizens perceive this opportunity?
I think BRICS is a very important alternative for us. I believe BRICS is the backbone of the global economy, especially for the Global South. So, in my perspective, I think Cambodia should consider becoming a member—if it is possible—or at least be an observer to the organization, as I believe that BRICS can be alternative to the G7 in the future....
Policy Brief #51 / 2024
Policy Brief #51 / 2024
The Russian-Chinese “comprehensive partnership and strategic interaction of the new era” represent a key element of the emerging multipolar world order. Moscow and Beijing’s mutual support in the international arena, growing trade turnover in the face of sanctions, strengthening humanitarian ties, and people-to-people cooperation represent a unique example of the constructive dialogue taking place between these two truly sovereign states. Further...
... fully met India’s strategic goals.
The start of the special military operation came as a shock to Indian policymakers. By then, the Indian leadership had by and large outlined and begun implementing a plan for a major restructuring of the national economy that would ensure sustained growth of over 5% per year and India’s gradual emergence as the world’s third largest economy by GDP, which in turn would help reduce social tensions. This required a relatively stable foreign policy situation and ...
