Outlook for Turkmenistan as Eurasia’s Transport Hub

... Europe-Caucasus-Asia), oriented toward trade routes of the Black Sea, the Caucasus and the Caspian Sea in the transportation of goods from Europe to Central Asia and the Caucasus. The project of multimodal Trans-Caspian International Transport Route (TMTM) was put forward to deliver cargoes from China to Europe via Kazakhstan, the Caspian Sea and South Caucasus, bypassing Russia. The U.S., in turn, promoted the idea of the New Silk Road as a modern version of the ancient trade route. In the geopolitical realities of the 1990s and early 2000s,...