... World War II, the U.S. established an economic order by investing in democracy, open trade, foreign direct investment, a market economy, and free trade agreements (FTAs). The Cold War was an ideological and economic struggle between the capitalist U.S. and ... ... system be managed? The relative decline of the U.S. and new global policy changes have enabled countries like China, India, and Russia to emerge as global leaders in addressing these disorders. These great powers can potentially reshape the future world ...
... grasp.
For Moscow the idea has a clear outward focus and comprehensive nature, as it is trying to find the way to organise vast space around itself, as well as balance interests in Eurasia with India and China. The 2023 Foreign Policy Concept states Russia’s unique geographic position and its transit potential as a means to advance national economy and improve transport and infrastructural connectivity in the region [
5
]. However, the document pays more attention to how the latter may transform it into common space of peace, stability and prosperity through building Greater Eurasian Partnership ...
... privileged and strategic partnership” between India and Russia.
Zhao Huasheng, Andrey Kortunov:
The Kazan BRICS Declaration — a New World Order Manifesto
The relatively closed capitalist markets of China, the unprecedentedly Western-sanctioned economy of Russia, combined with India’s increasing bonhomie with the West and the United States in particular, as well as New Delhi’s enhanced desire to continue trading in the US dollar are some of the reasons why the idea of a common BRICS currency is unable ...
... be perceived as a setback or a weakness in bilateral relations. There is no need to chase impressive trade turnover figures, which do not always reflect the real dynamics of mutual trade. A much more pragmatic and rewarding approach is to strengthen Russia’s targeted presence in specific sectors of the Indonesian economy. This requires a systematic effort so that Moscow could secure certain niches for the long term, independent of the sanctions situation. There are several trade areas where Russia is already a strategically important player for Jakarta or has ...
... and left a deep imprint on the national mentality. This heritage will undoubtedly stay with Russians in future, affecting their perceptions of themselves, the overall worldviews as well as many specific economic, social, military and other decisions.
Economy
Andrey Kortunov:
Is Global Icebreaker Race Imminent?
Today, the Arctic region houses less than 1.3% of Russia’s population, but it accounts for some 12–15% of the national GDP and for 25% of all the exports. One fifth of all Russia’s oil and four fifth of natural gas are extracted here. The Arctic continental shelf, which remains not fully explored,...
... avoiding large-scale mobilization and relying on volunteers and contract soldiers. The ability to conduct a major and prolonged military operation with a professional, rather than conscript-based, army is a pivotal interim result.
The resilience of the Russian economy in the face of confrontation with the collective West is also noteworthy. Russia’s deep integration into the global economy, particularly its reliance on Western supply chains, financial institutions, and rules, posed significant risks in the ...
... Ukraine lacks experience in integrating large numbers of migrants, making it extremely difficult to compensate for these losses. While the diaspora abroad can serve as an asset – lobbying for pro-Ukrainian legislation, advocating for sanctions against Russia, and sending remittances – it cannot directly contribute to the country’s economy.
Human losses have been compounded by extensive damage to infrastructure, including industrial and material assets. Ongoing military activity has caused significant destruction, with reconstruction expected to require tens of billions of dollars....
... the objective limitations of German diplomacy. It seems possible to identify several factors that will determine the direction of Russian–German relations.
Rainer Rothfuss, Yuri Kofner:
From Sanctions to Prosperity: How Normalizing Relations with Russia Would Boost Germany’s Economy
To begin with, Friedrich Merz’s first task in foreign policy will be to synchronize positions with Washington on a wide range of issues. Donald Trump’s return to the presidency came as a surprise to the German political establishment, which ...
... increasing pressure from the US on India and Indian companies to increase barriers and costs for trade with Russia
One of the goals of large-scale sanctions against Russia after the start of the special military operation (SMO) was the isolation of the Russian economy in terms of trade and financing. The task was partly accomplished: the sanctions significantly undermined domestic trade with Western countries. The export of dual-use goods, hundreds of industrial items and various "luxury goods" to ...
... despite the various problems and challenges facing North African states. This Working Paper analyzes the financial and economic development dynamics of North African countries and examines in detail the prospects for developing cooperation between Russia and the countries of the region.
Financial and Economic Development Dynamics of North African Countries: Opportunities for Russia in the New Political Landscape
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